<!--docs:
title: "Text Fields"
layout: detail
section: components
excerpt: "A text field with an animated floating label and other Material Design features."
iconId: text_field
path: /catalog/text-input-layout/
-->

# Text Fields

![Text Fields](assets/text-fields.svg)
<!--{: .article__asset.article__asset--screenshot }-->

`TextInputLayout` provides an implementation for [Material text
fields](https://material.io/go/design-text-fields). Used in conjunction with a
[`TextInputEditText`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputEditText),
`TextInputLayout` makes it easy to include Material **text fields** in your
layouts.

## Design & API Documentation

-   [Material Design guidelines: Text
    Fields](https://material.io/go/design-text-fields)
    <!--{: .icon-list-item.icon-list-item--spec }-->
-   [Class
    definition](https://github.com/material-components/material-components-android/tree/master/lib/java/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout.java)
    <!--{: .icon-list-item.icon-list-item--link }-->
    <!-- Styles for list items requiring icons instead of standard bullets. -->
-   [Class
    overview](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout)
    <!--{: .icon-list-item.icon-list-item--link }--> <!--{: .icon-list }-->

## Usage

To create a material text field, add a `TextInputLayout` to your XML layout and
a `TextInputEditText` as a direct child.

```xml
<com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

  <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:hint="@string/hint_text"/>

</com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
```

Note: A `TextInputEditText` should be used instead of an `EditText` as your
input text component. An `EditText` might work, but `TextInputEditText` provides
accessibility support for the text field and allows `TextInputLayout` greater
control over the visual aspects of the input text.

### Material Styles

Using `TextInputLayout` with an updated Material theme
(`Theme.MaterialComponents`) will provide the correct updated Material styles to
your text fields by default. If you need to use an updated Material text field
and your application theme does not inherit from an updated Material theme, you
can apply one of the updated Material styles directly to your widget in XML.

#### Filled Box (Default)

Filled text fields have a solid background color and draw more attention,
especially in layouts where the field is surrounded by other elements. To use a
filled text field, apply the following style to your `TextInputLayout`:

```xml
style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.FilledBox"
```

To change the background color of a filled text field, you can set the
`boxBackgroundColor` attribute on your `TextInputLayout`.

#### Outline Box

Outline text fields have a stroked border and are less emphasized. To use an
outline text field, apply the following style to your `TextInputLayout`:

```xml
style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.OutlinedBox"
```

To change the stroke color and width for an outline text field, you can set the
`boxStrokeColor` and `boxStrokeWidth` attributes on your `TextInputLayout`,
respectively.

#### Height Variations

`TextInputLayout` provides two height variations for filled and outline text
fields, **standard** and **dense**. Both box styles default to the standard
height.

In order to reduce the height of a text box, you can use a dense style, which
will reduce the vertical padding within the text box. You can achieve this by
applying the appropriate styles to your `TextInputLayout` and
`TextInputEditText`, depending on whether you are using a filled or outline text
field:

##### Dense Filled Box

Apply this style to your `TextInputLayout`: `xml
style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.FilledBox.Dense"`

##### Dense Outline Box

Apply this style to your `TextInputLayout`: `xml
style="@style/Widget.MaterialComponents.TextInputLayout.OutlinedBox.Dense"`

To change a text box's internal padding and overall dimensions, you can adjust
the `android:padding` attributes on the `TextInputEditText`.

##### Corner Radius

* `boxCornerRadiusTopLeft`
* `boxCornerRadiusTopRight`
* `boxCornerRadiusBottomLeft`
* `boxCornerRadiusBottomRight`

## Common features

`TextInputLayout` provides functionality for a number of Material [text field
features](https://material.io/go/design-text-fields#text-fields-layout).
These are some commonly used properties you can update to control the look of
your text field:

Text field element                     | Relevant attributes/methods
:------------------------------------- | :--------------------------
Label (also called a “Floating Label”) | [`android:hint`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_android_hint)<br/>[`app:hintEnabled`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_hintEnabled)
Error message                          | [`app:errorEnabled`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_errorEnabled)<br/>[`#setError(CharSequence)`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#setError(java.lang.CharSequence))
Helper text                            | [`app:helperTextEnabled`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_helperTextEnabled)<br/>[`app:helperText`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_helperText)
Password redaction                     | [`app:passwordToggleEnabled`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_passwordToggleEnabled)<br/>[`app:passwordToggleDrawable`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_passwordToggleDrawable)
Character counter                      | [`app:counterEnabled`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_counterEnabled)<br/>[`app:counterMaxLength`](https://developer.android.com/reference/com/google/android/material/textfield/TextInputLayout#attr_TextInputLayout_counterMaxLength)

## Notes about setting the hint

The hint should be set on `TextInputLayout`, rather than the `TextInputEditText`
or `EditText`. If a hint is specified on the child `EditText` in XML, the
`TextInputLayout` might still work correctly; `TextInputLayout` will use the
`EditText`'s hint as its floating label. However, future calls to modify the
hint will not update `TextInputLayout`'s hint. To avoid unintended behavior,
call `setHint()` and `getHint()` on `TextInputLayout`, instead of on `EditText`.

## Notes about using `TextInputLayout` programmatically

If you construct the `EditText` child of a `TextInputLayout` programmatically,
you should use `TextInputLayout's` context to create the view. This will allow
`TextInputLayout` to pass along the appropriate styling to the
`TextInputEditText` or `EditText`.

```java
TextInputEditText editText = new TextInputEditText(textInputLayout.getContext());
```

## Related concepts

*   [TextView](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/TextView.html)
*   [Specifying the Input Type (Android Developers
    Guide)](https://developer.android.com/training/keyboard-input/style.html)
*   [Copy and Paste (Android Developers
    Guide)](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/text/copy-paste.html)