This consolidates all of the non-template .gitignore rules into the top level .gitignore, to ignore common things more broadly, with less maintenance needed for the .gitignore files. Does not touch the templates, so that they still produce needed .gitignores as part of flutter create.
Adds an initial integration test that:
1. captures laid-out widget size
2. focuses a text field to show the keyboard and resize the view
3. unfocuses the text field to dismiss the keyboard and resize the view
4. verify that the final widget size matches the initial size
