diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/assets.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/assets.dart
index 795cbf77da7..77a5fc003a2 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/assets.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/assets.dart
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import '../../devfs.dart';
 import '../../flutter_manifest.dart';
 import '../build_system.dart';
 import '../depfile.dart';
+import '../exceptions.dart';
 import '../tools/asset_transformer.dart';
 import '../tools/scene_importer.dart';
 import '../tools/shader_compiler.dart';
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ Future<Depfile> copyAssets(
   Directory outputDirectory, {
   Map<String, DevFSContent> additionalContent = const <String, DevFSContent>{},
   required TargetPlatform targetPlatform,
-  BuildMode? buildMode,
+  required BuildMode buildMode,
   List<File> additionalInputs = const <File>[],
   String? flavor,
 }) async {
@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ Future<Depfile> copyAssets(
     processManager: environment.processManager,
     fileSystem: environment.fileSystem,
     dartBinaryPath: environment.artifacts.getArtifactPath(Artifact.engineDartBinary),
+    buildMode: buildMode,
   );
 
   final Map<String, AssetBundleEntry> assetEntries = <String, AssetBundleEntry>{
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@ Future<Depfile> copyAssets(
   // Copy deferred components assets only for release or profile builds.
   // The assets are included in assetBundle.entries as a normal asset when
   // building as debug.
-  if (environment.defines[kDeferredComponents] == 'true' && buildMode != null) {
+  if (environment.defines[kDeferredComponents] == 'true') {
     await Future.wait<void>(assetBundle.deferredComponentsEntries.entries.map<Future<void>>(
       (MapEntry<String, Map<String, AssetBundleEntry>> componentEntries) async {
         final Directory componentOutputDir =
@@ -343,6 +345,11 @@ class CopyAssets extends Target {
 
   @override
   Future<void> build(Environment environment) async {
+    final String? buildModeEnvironment = environment.defines[kBuildMode];
+    if (buildModeEnvironment == null) {
+      throw MissingDefineException(kBuildMode, name);
+    }
+    final BuildMode buildMode = BuildMode.fromCliName(buildModeEnvironment);
     final Directory output = environment
       .buildDir
       .childDirectory('flutter_assets');
@@ -351,6 +358,7 @@ class CopyAssets extends Target {
       environment,
       output,
       targetPlatform: TargetPlatform.android,
+      buildMode: buildMode,
       flavor: environment.defines[kFlavor],
     );
     environment.depFileService.writeToFile(
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/ios.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/ios.dart
index 9ca6e543a20..1fd586e063f 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/ios.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/ios.dart
@@ -503,6 +503,7 @@ abstract class IosAssetBundle extends Target {
       environment,
       assetDirectory,
       targetPlatform: TargetPlatform.ios,
+      buildMode: buildMode,
       additionalInputs: <File>[
         flutterProject.ios.infoPlist,
         flutterProject.ios.appFrameworkInfoPlist,
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/linux.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/linux.dart
index bc446c5fa65..6f761f27b95 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/linux.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/linux.dart
@@ -137,6 +137,7 @@ abstract class BundleLinuxAssets extends Target {
       environment,
       outputDirectory,
       targetPlatform: targetPlatform,
+      buildMode: buildMode,
       additionalContent: <String, DevFSContent>{
         'version.json': DevFSStringContent(versionInfo),
       },
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/macos.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/macos.dart
index 9996664a0a1..2e018fe84cc 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/macos.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/macos.dart
@@ -438,6 +438,7 @@ abstract class MacOSBundleFlutterAssets extends Target {
       environment,
       assetDirectory,
       targetPlatform: TargetPlatform.darwin,
+      buildMode: buildMode,
       flavor: environment.defines[kFlavor],
     );
     environment.depFileService.writeToFile(
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/web.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/web.dart
index d7c7f27257a..5211ddf7963 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/web.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/web.dart
@@ -444,13 +444,21 @@ _flutter.buildConfig = ${jsonEncode(buildConfig)};
       }
     }
 
+    final String? buildModeEnvironment = environment.defines[kBuildMode];
+    if (buildModeEnvironment == null) {
+      throw MissingDefineException(kBuildMode, name);
+    }
+    final BuildMode buildMode = BuildMode.fromCliName(buildModeEnvironment);
+
     createVersionFile(environment, environment.defines);
     final Directory outputDirectory = environment.outputDir.childDirectory('assets');
     outputDirectory.createSync(recursive: true);
+
     final Depfile depfile = await copyAssets(
       environment,
       environment.outputDir.childDirectory('assets'),
       targetPlatform: TargetPlatform.web_javascript,
+      buildMode: buildMode,
     );
     final DepfileService depfileService = environment.depFileService;
     depfileService.writeToFile(
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/windows.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/windows.dart
index ada0afe5b55..2aadcf12b17 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/windows.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/windows.dart
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ abstract class BundleWindowsAssets extends Target {
       environment,
       outputDirectory,
       targetPlatform: targetPlatform,
+      buildMode: buildMode,
     );
     environment.depFileService.writeToFile(
       depfile,
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/tools/asset_transformer.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/tools/asset_transformer.dart
index 8e352d2186e..43ffd0d59a6 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/tools/asset_transformer.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/tools/asset_transformer.dart
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import '../../base/error_handling_io.dart';
 import '../../base/file_system.dart';
 import '../../base/io.dart';
 import '../../base/logger.dart';
+import '../../build_info.dart';
 import '../../devfs.dart';
 import '../../flutter_manifest.dart';
 import '../build_system.dart';
@@ -22,13 +23,18 @@ final class AssetTransformer {
     required ProcessManager processManager,
     required FileSystem fileSystem,
     required String dartBinaryPath,
+    required BuildMode buildMode,
   })  : _processManager = processManager,
         _fileSystem = fileSystem,
-        _dartBinaryPath = dartBinaryPath;
+        _dartBinaryPath = dartBinaryPath,
+        _buildMode = buildMode;
+
+  static const String buildModeEnvVar = 'FLUTTER_BUILD_MODE';
 
   final ProcessManager _processManager;
   final FileSystem _fileSystem;
   final String _dartBinaryPath;
+  final BuildMode _buildMode;
 
   /// The [Source] inputs that targets using this should depend on.
   ///
@@ -115,6 +121,9 @@ final class AssetTransformer {
     final ProcessResult result = await _processManager.run(
       command,
       workingDirectory: workingDirectory,
+      environment: <String, String>{
+        AssetTransformer.buildModeEnvVar: _buildMode.cliName,
+      }
     );
     final String stdout = result.stdout as String;
     final String stderr = result.stderr as String;
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/bundle_builder.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/bundle_builder.dart
index 81f3872a0f9..010e3b67aee 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/bundle_builder.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/bundle_builder.dart
@@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ Future<void> writeBundle(
   required Artifacts artifacts,
   required Logger logger,
   required Directory projectDir,
+  required BuildMode buildMode,
 }) async {
   if (bundleDir.existsSync()) {
     try {
@@ -178,6 +179,7 @@ Future<void> writeBundle(
     processManager: processManager,
     fileSystem: fileSystem,
     dartBinaryPath: artifacts.getArtifactPath(Artifact.engineDartBinary),
+    buildMode: buildMode,
   );
 
   // Limit number of open files to avoid running out of file descriptors.
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/commands/test.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/commands/test.dart
index b3cf6715321..ba505dfa5e1 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/commands/test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/commands/test.dart
@@ -411,7 +411,11 @@ class TestCommand extends FlutterCommand with DeviceBasedDevelopmentArtifacts {
 
     String? testAssetDirectory;
     if (buildTestAssets) {
-      await _buildTestAsset(flavor: buildInfo.flavor, impellerStatus: debuggingOptions.enableImpeller);
+      await _buildTestAsset(
+        flavor: buildInfo.flavor,
+        impellerStatus: debuggingOptions.enableImpeller,
+        buildMode: debuggingOptions.buildInfo.mode,
+      );
       testAssetDirectory = globals.fs.path.
         join(flutterProject.directory.path, 'build', 'unit_test_assets');
     }
@@ -674,6 +678,7 @@ class TestCommand extends FlutterCommand with DeviceBasedDevelopmentArtifacts {
   Future<void> _buildTestAsset({
     required String? flavor,
     required ImpellerStatus impellerStatus,
+    required BuildMode buildMode,
   }) async {
     final AssetBundle assetBundle = AssetBundleFactory.instance.createBundle();
     final int build = await assetBundle.build(
@@ -694,6 +699,7 @@ class TestCommand extends FlutterCommand with DeviceBasedDevelopmentArtifacts {
         artifacts: globals.artifacts!,
         logger: globals.logger,
         projectDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory,
+        buildMode: buildMode,
       );
     }
   }
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/devfs.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/devfs.dart
index 9db81a4df81..4027001eee3 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/devfs.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/devfs.dart
@@ -442,6 +442,7 @@ class DevFS {
     required FileSystem fileSystem,
     required ProcessManager processManager,
     required Artifacts artifacts,
+    required BuildMode buildMode,
     HttpClient? httpClient,
     Duration? uploadRetryThrottle,
     StopwatchFactory stopwatchFactory = const StopwatchFactory(),
@@ -465,6 +466,7 @@ class DevFS {
             processManager: processManager,
             fileSystem: fileSystem,
             dartBinaryPath: artifacts.getArtifactPath(Artifact.engineDartBinary),
+            buildMode: buildMode,
           ),
           fileSystem: fileSystem,
           logger: logger,
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/isolated/devfs_web.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/isolated/devfs_web.dart
index 656c5f17295..d4c94e0cfaf 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/isolated/devfs_web.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/isolated/devfs_web.dart
@@ -1003,6 +1003,7 @@ class WebDevFS implements DevFS {
           artifacts: globals.artifacts!,
           logger: globals.logger,
           projectDir: rootDirectory,
+          buildMode: buildInfo.mode,
         );
       }
     }
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/resident_runner.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/resident_runner.dart
index addb06a6ff1..1eea4d9c179 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/resident_runner.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/resident_runner.dart
@@ -391,6 +391,7 @@ class FlutterDevice {
       logger: globals.logger,
       processManager: globals.processManager,
       artifacts: globals.artifacts!,
+      buildMode: buildInfo.mode,
     );
     return devFS!.create();
   }
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/asset_bundle_test.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/asset_bundle_test.dart
index d0a015697b3..8a2953ee873 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/asset_bundle_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/asset_bundle_test.dart
@@ -610,7 +610,8 @@ flutter:
       fileSystem: globals.fs,
       artifacts: globals.artifacts!,
       logger: testLogger,
-      projectDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory
+      projectDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory,
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     expect(testLogger.warningText, contains('Expected Error Text'));
@@ -737,6 +738,7 @@ flutter:
         artifacts: globals.artifacts!,
         logger: testLogger,
         projectDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory,
+        buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
       );
 
     }, overrides: <Type, Generator>{
@@ -789,6 +791,7 @@ flutter:
         artifacts: globals.artifacts!,
         logger: testLogger,
         projectDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory,
+        buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
       );
 
     }, overrides: <Type, Generator>{
@@ -876,6 +879,7 @@ flutter:
         artifacts: globals.artifacts!,
         logger: testLogger,
         projectDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory,
+        buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
       );
       expect((globals.processManager as FakeProcessManager).hasRemainingExpectations, false);
     }, overrides: <Type, Generator>{
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/asset_transformer_test.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/asset_transformer_test.dart
index 02aea1e3f06..9e017573b0a 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/asset_transformer_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/asset_transformer_test.dart
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import 'package:file_testing/file_testing.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_tools/src/artifacts.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_tools/src/base/file_system.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_tools/src/base/logger.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_tools/src/build_info.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_tools/src/build_system/tools/asset_transformer.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_tools/src/flutter_manifest.dart';
 
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ void main() {
       processManager: processManager,
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       dartBinaryPath: artifacts.getArtifactPath(Artifact.engineDartBinary),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     final AssetTransformationFailure? transformationFailure = await transformer.transformAsset(
@@ -112,6 +114,7 @@ void main() {
       processManager: processManager,
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       dartBinaryPath: dartBinaryPath,
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     final AssetTransformationFailure? failure = await transformer.transformAsset(
@@ -171,6 +174,7 @@ Something went wrong''');
       processManager: processManager,
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       dartBinaryPath: dartBinaryPath,
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     final AssetTransformationFailure? failure = await transformer.transformAsset(
@@ -265,6 +269,7 @@ Transformation failed, but I forgot to exit with a non-zero code.'''
       processManager: processManager,
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       dartBinaryPath: dartBinaryPath,
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     final AssetTransformationFailure? failure = await transformer.transformAsset(
@@ -331,7 +336,10 @@ Transformation failed, but I forgot to exit with a non-zero code.'''
         onRun: (List<String> args) {
           // Do nothing.
         },
-        stderr: 'Transformation failed, but I forgot to exit with a non-zero code.'
+        stderr: 'Transformation failed, but I forgot to exit with a non-zero code.',
+        environment: const <String, String>{
+          'FLUTTER_BUILD_MODE': 'debug',
+        },
       ),
     ]);
 
@@ -339,6 +347,7 @@ Transformation failed, but I forgot to exit with a non-zero code.'''
       processManager: processManager,
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       dartBinaryPath: dartBinaryPath,
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     final AssetTransformationFailure? failure = await transformer.transformAsset(
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/assets_test.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/assets_test.dart
index cd9fc31799c..6d33eeec297 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/assets_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/assets_test.dart
@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ void main() {
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       logger: BufferLogger.test(),
       platform: FakePlatform(),
-      defines: <String, String>{},
+      defines: <String, String>{
+        kBuildMode: BuildMode.debug.cliName,
+      },
     );
     fileSystem.file(environment.buildDir.childFile('app.dill')).createSync(recursive: true);
     fileSystem.file('packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/build_system/targets/assets.dart')
@@ -178,7 +180,9 @@ flutter:
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       logger: logger,
       platform: globals.platform,
-      defines: <String, String>{},
+      defines: <String, String>{
+        kBuildMode: BuildMode.debug.cliName,
+      },
     );
 
     await fileSystem.file('.packages').create();
@@ -262,7 +266,9 @@ flutter:
       fileSystem: fileSystem,
       logger: logger,
       platform: globals.platform,
-      defines: <String, String>{},
+      defines: <String, String>{
+        kBuildMode: BuildMode.debug.cliName,
+      },
     );
 
     await fileSystem.file('.packages').create();
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/web_test.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/web_test.dart
index 54c246248fc..7ef04d46d8e 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/web_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/build_system/targets/web_test.dart
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ void main() {
         outputDir: globals.fs.currentDirectory.childDirectory('bar'),
         defines: <String, String>{
           kTargetFile: globals.fs.path.join('foo', 'lib', 'main.dart'),
+          kBuildMode: BuildMode.debug.cliName,
         },
         artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
         processManager: processManager,
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/bundle_builder_test.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/bundle_builder_test.dart
index 687171a3e3d..a3d4c1a915e 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/bundle_builder_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/bundle_builder_test.dart
@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@ void main() {
       artifacts: artifacts,
       logger: BufferLogger.test(),
       projectDir: fileSystem.currentDirectory,
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     final File outputAssetFile = fileSystem.file('build/flutter_assets/my-asset.txt');
diff --git a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/devfs_test.dart b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/devfs_test.dart
index 2cd54da3ea7..98b9078fac4 100644
--- a/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/devfs_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flutter_tools/test/general.shard/devfs_test.dart
@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ void main() {
       httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
     expect(() async => devFS.create(), throwsA(isA<DevFSException>()));
   });
@@ -160,6 +161,7 @@ void main() {
       httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     expect(await devFS.create(), isNotNull);
@@ -210,6 +212,7 @@ void main() {
       uploadRetryThrottle: Duration.zero,
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
     await devFS.create();
 
@@ -245,6 +248,7 @@ void main() {
       httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     await devFS.create();
@@ -287,6 +291,7 @@ void main() {
       httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     await devFS.create();
@@ -331,6 +336,7 @@ void main() {
       httpClient: HttpClient(),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     await devFS.create();
@@ -382,6 +388,7 @@ void main() {
       httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     await devFS.create();
@@ -461,6 +468,7 @@ void main() {
       }),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     await devFS.create();
@@ -507,6 +515,7 @@ void main() {
       httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
       processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
       artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
     );
 
     await devFS.create();
@@ -612,7 +621,8 @@ void main() {
         httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
         config: Config.test(),
         processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
-        artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
       );
 
       await devFS.create();
@@ -670,7 +680,8 @@ void main() {
         httpClient: FakeHttpClient.any(),
         config: Config.test(),
         processManager: FakeProcessManager.empty(),
-        artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      artifacts: Artifacts.test(),
+      buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
       );
 
       await devFS.create();
@@ -763,6 +774,7 @@ void main() {
         config: Config.test(),
         processManager: processManager,
         artifacts: artifacts,
+        buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
       );
 
       await devFS.create();
@@ -843,6 +855,7 @@ void main() {
         config: Config.test(),
         processManager: processManager,
         artifacts: artifacts,
+        buildMode: BuildMode.debug,
       );
 
       await devFS.create();